THE SUN

Life on earth depends on the sun.
Day after day we see its light and feel its warmth, but we do not often consider their origin. Yet there are many remarkable things about the sun. One is its distance from the earth. This is about ninety- three million miles. A journey of this distance, even if it could be made, would take seven hundred years even in the fastest rocket.
The sun is a large star. The planet earth is very small in comparison. One hundred and nine globes the size of the earth would be needed to stretch from one side of the sun to the other. The sun makes us feel hot, even at a distance of ninety-three million miles. This is not surprising. The temperature on the sun is about ten thousand degrees Fahrenheit. But we receive only a small part of this heat. The total heat of the sun could melt a column of ice two and a quarter miles thick and ninety-three million miles high in one second.
The brightness of the sun is equally astonishing. The sun gives such a bright light that 1,575,000,000,000,000,000,000 wax candles would be needed to give an equal light. This very long row of figures gives us some idea of the brilliance of the sun. As we said earlier, we receive only the sun's heat. We also receive only a very small part of its light. This is sufficient for the growth of trees and plants, and for the existence of living creatures on earth. Too much heat and light would destroy the balance of life. The heat and light from the sun come in just the right quantities for life on earth.

به نام خدا

اين وبلاگ توسط دانش آموزان ، مهديه رحماني پور و فلورا صالحي از پايه اول دبيرستان فرزانگان كاشان تهيه شده است. هدف از ساخت اين وبلاگ ،آموزش و پيشرفت در درس زبان انگليسي بوده است. كاربران محترم با بازديد از اين وبلاگ و خواندن داستان هاي متنوع آن مي توانند گنجينه لغات خود رابالا ببرند واز طريق انتقادات و پسشنهادات در زمينه گرامري نيز فعّاليّت كنند.دراين وبلاگ 9 عدد داستان جالب ، 1عدد جدول براي سرگرمي و دو مورد پست در خصوص سؤال و پاسخ يك پروژه جهاني پست شده است. اميدواريم نهايت استفاده را از اين وبلاگ ببريد. ضمناً از خانم نيكوئي نژاد كمال تشكر را داريم كه ما را ياري كردند

THE TITANIC

The great ship, Titanic, sailed for New York from Southampton on April 10th, 1912. She was carrying 1316 passengers and a crew of 891. Even by modern standards the 66000 ton Titanic was a colossal ship. At that time however, she was not only the largest ship that had ever been built, but was regarded as unsinkable, for she had sixteen watertight compartments. Even if two of these were flooded she would still be able to float. The tragic sinking of this great liner will always be remembered, for she went down on her first voyage with heavy loss of life.
Four days after setting out, while the Titanic was sailing across the icy waters of the North Atlantic, a huge iceberg was suddenly spotted by a look out. After the alarm had been given the great ship turned sharply to avoid a direct collision. Suddenly there was a slight trembling sound from below and the captain went down to see what had happened.
The noise had been so faint that no one thought that the ship had been damaged. Below the captain realized to his horror that the Titanic was sinking rapidly for five of her sixteen watertight compartments had already been flooded! The order to abandon ship was given and hundreds of people plunged in to the icy water. As there were not enough life-boats for everybody, 1500 lives were lost.
It was a terrible disaster. But something good came out of the sinking of the sinking of the Titanic. In 1913 there was a committee of inquiry into the disaster. This committee drew up many new rules for shipping companies. Since then, every ship has had to provide lifeboats for each passenger and has had to organize lifeboat drill during each voyage. Every ship has had to carry enough radio operators so that there is always one of them on duty. Another important result of the sinking of the Titanic was the formation of an international ice patrol. This patrol warns ships about ice and icebergs in the north Atlantic.

THE HUMAN MEMORY

You find a telephone number in the phone book, dial it and then forget it. This is your short-term memory. It lasts less than 30 seconds. (There are 60 seconds in a minute) However, you don't look in the phone book for a friend's number. You know it. This is long – term memory. Your long-term memory has every thing that you remember.
Why do you forget something? What is the reason? You did not learn it in the beginning. This is the major reason for forgetting. For example, you meet some new people, and you forget their names. You hear the names, but you do not learn them. Then you forget them.
You can remember better. Here are some ideas.
Move information. Say the information to yourself. Think about it. Spend time on it.
Overlearn. After you learn something, study it some more. Learn it more than you need to. For example, when you know a list of new words, don't stop. Practice the words a few more times.
Be sure that you understand the information. It is difficult to memorize some thing you don't understand.
Do only one thing at a time. Study in a quiet place. You cannot listen to music or people and memorize at the same time.
Try to connect the new information with something you already know. For example, when you learn the name of a new kind of food, think of a similar kind of food.
Divide the information in to parts. Do not have more than seven parts. Learn one part and stop for a few minutes. Don't try to learn all the parts at the same time.
Make a picture in your mind. For example maybe you see a new word. It is a kind of furniture. Make a picture in your mind of this furniture in a room. Remember what it looks like.
Try to relax when you study. Enjoy it. You cannot remember things when you are tired or unhappy.
Some people have a photographic memory. They see everything like a picture. Later they can see the picture in their mind again and describe everything in it. They can remember long lists of numbers and thousand of other things.
Would you like to have a photographic memory?

MAN'S BEST FRIEND

The dog has been man's best friend for thousands of years. Dogs are friendly, obedient and faithful animals. King Edward VII of England had a pet terrier named Caesar. When the king died in 1910, Caesar led the funeral procession, walking before kings and princes. After the famous composer Mozart had died, only one living creature followed his coffin to the grave. It was his faithful dog.
Many stories are told of the bravery and faithfulness of dogs. There is even a village named after such a dog. It is the village of Bethgelert (which means grave Gelert) in North Wales. According to the story that as been told in the village for many centuries, Gelert was a hunting dog belonging to Lewellyn, the great lord of the region . One his return from the hunt, lewellyn found Gelert covered with blood. Lewellyn killed Gelert. Thinking that the dog had eaten the child, Lewellyn killed Gelert with his sword. The noise awoke the baby, who had been asleep under a heap of bed coverings. The father heard his child's cry, and found him there , safe and sound . Under the bed was found a great wolf killed by Gelert. The faithful dog had saved the life of his master's child, and lost his own because of a tragic misunderstanding.

Have you seen a dog pricking up its ears? Dogs can hear sounds better than men. For this reason they make good watch-dogs. Trained dogs lead blind people and act as their eyes. In Arctic regions people are transported across the ice on sleds pulled by dogs. In 1925 Balto an Eskimo dog, carried diphtheria serum 600 miles through a snowstorm in Alaska.
Dogs are intelligent animals it is easy to train them.
A dog named Berry rescued 40 persons when they were lost in the snow on the Saint Bernard Pass in Switzerland about 150 year ago.
Dogs have also helped in scientific research. The world's first space-traveler was a dog named Laika. Russian scientists sent it up in an artificial Earth satellite in 1957 .Dogs have been film stars, too. A dog called lassie was the star in a number of American films.
Dogs can hear and smell better than men, but they cannot see so well. You may be surprised to learn that doge is color-blind. A dog sees objects first by their mowement, second by their brightness and third by their movement second by their brightness and third by their shape. A dog lives on average for about 12 or 13 years. A puppy aged six months compares in age with a child six years old. A thirteen year old child is not yet grown up, but a thirteen-year-old dog is a very old indeed.

ASPIRIN

Americans this year will swallow 15,000 tons of aspirin, one of the safest and most effective drugs invented by man. The most popular medicine in the world today, it is an effective pain reliever. Its bad effects are relatively mild, and it is cheap.
For millions of people suffering from arthritis, it is the only thing that works. Aspirin, in short, is truly the 20th century wonder drug .It is also the second largest suicide drug and is the leading cause of poisoning among children. It has side effects that, although relatively mild, are largely unrecognized among users.
Although aspirin was first sold by a German company in 1899 it has been around much longer than that.
Hippocrates, in ancient Greece, understood the medical value of the leaves and tree bark which today are known to contain salicylates, the chemical in aspirin. During the 19th century, there was a great deal of experimentation in Europe with this chemical, and it led to the introduction .pf aspirin. By 1985, aspirin tablets were available in the United States.
A small quantity of aspirin (two five-grain tablets) relieves pain and inflammation. It also reduces fever by interfering with some of the body's reactions. Specifically, aspirin seems to slow down the formation of the acids involved in pain and the complex chemical reactions that cause fever.

The chemistry of these acids is not fully understood, but the slowing effect of aspirin is well known.
Aspirin is very irritating to the stomach lining, and many aspirin takers complain about upset stomach. There is a right way and a wrong way to take aspirin. The best way is to chew the tablets before swallowing them with water, but few people can stand the bitter taste.
Some people suggest crushing the tablets in milk or orange juice and conking that.

JEANS

Jeans are the most popular kind of clothing in the world.
They are popular almost everywhere in Japan, France, Indonesia, Canada, and Brazil. Rich people and poor people wear them. Young people and even some old people wear them too. Why are they popular? Who made the first jeans?
In 1.849 two men discovered gold In California. Men from the rest of the United States and other countries hurried there to look for gold too. These miners needed good strong clothes.
A young man from Germany named Levi Strauss arrived in California in 1850. He went there to sell things to the miners.
He saw that the miners needed strong pants. So he began to make them.
He used cloth that people make tents from. He put rivets on the pockets to make them strong because the men put rocks in their pockets. These pants were very strong and lasted a long time. The pants became very popular immediately.
Later Mr. Strauss started making jeans from cotton cloth from Nimes, France. "De Nimes" means "from Nimes".
People called this cloth denim. Denim was popular in the fifteenth century. Christopher Columbus used denim for the sails of his ships. Sailors in Genoa, Italy, wore denim pants.
The word "jeans" comes from the word "Genoa".
Mr. Strauss made the first jeans in the United States, but the idea and the kind of cloth came from Europe. The names came from France and Italy.
Jeans were always blue until recently. People used indigo to dye them. Indigo is the oldest dye in the world. Most jeans have blue threads going across and white threads going up and down. These two colors make denim look different from other kinds of cloth.
Today Levi Strauss and Company makes jeans in large factories. Other companies all over the world also make jeans. Usually one worker makes just one part of the pair of pants. Someone makes the front of the leg, and someone else makes the back. Another person puts in the zipper.
Why are jeans popular? In the United States, they are the only kind of traditional clothes. In other countries young people wear them because they want to look modern. Jeans are a sign of youth and independence. Everybody wears jeans because everybody wants to be modern, young,
And independent.

Money is happiness. - is that true?
For unemployed people, money is all important. But for people with good jabs, money is not always the key thing. Other things are just as important.
Take these four typical people. Is money the main thing for them? A nurse, says, 'the key thing in my life is the happiness of my children. An engineer, says, 'learning new thing at work is main thing. A waiter, says, ' the nice thing about my jab is meeting new people – it's not really the money.
Economists say people work to get move money. Is that true for you? No? Then say this to your company: 'give mi an interesting jab. 'A lot of free time with my family, and you can keep part of my salary!

Found the seven colors in the table

o	p	i	n	k	n	y	u
r	b	b	m	j	r	e	d
a	c	l	v	u	t	l	o
n	l	u	a	i	y	l	x
g	b	e	h	c	p	o	q
e	d	w	z	a	k	w	s

THE OLYMPIC GAMES

Every four years people all over the world watch the Olympic Games. It is a time for all kinds of people to unite in peace. Some of them join together to compete for gold medals. Millions of other people watch them on television.
The first Olympic Games were in Greece in 776 B.C.
There was only one event. People ran a race the length of the stadium. The games lasted one day. Slowly people added more events. The games were only for men and woman could not even watch them. Only Greeks competed. They came from all parts of the Greek world. The time of the games was a time of peace and the government let every one travel safely. Kings competed against common people. The winners became national heroes.
The first modern games were in 1896 in Athens. The Greeks built a new stadium for the competition. Athletes from several countries competed. Then there were Olympics every four years in different cities in Europe and the United States until 1952. After that they were in Melbourne, Tokyo, Mexico City, and Montreal besides in European cities. Each year there were athletes from more nations. The first Winter Olympics were in 1924. The athletes compete in skiing and other winter sports.
Today there must be at least fifteen events, and they cannot last more than sixteen days. There is no age limit; people of any age can compete.
The competitors must not be professionals. They must be amateurs. The athletes compete for gold medals. The winners are still national heroes as they were in the early Olympic Games in Greece.
In 1956, Egypt, Iraq, and Lebanon boycotted the Games. They did not compete in the Games because several countries took the Suez Canal from Egypt that year. Other countries boycotted the game in 1964 and 1976. In 1980 the United States and other countries boycotted the games in Moscow. In 1984 the Soviet Union and other countries boycotted the games in Los Angeles. How can the nations of the world solve this problem? Maybe the games should be in Greece every year where they began. Then athletes from all over the world could compete without any boycotts.
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HONEY BEES
Have you ever seen bees at work in your garden? Watch them flying from flower to flower. Watch them sucking up the nectar with their long, flexible tongues. Have you ever paused to think about the life of these industrious insects?
Honey bees do not live alone. They live in colonies.
Each family of bees makes up one colony or group, and each group inhabits a hive. Inside the hive are many six- sided cells or compartment made store the honey that they gather. The queen bee lays her eggs in other cells.
Thousands of bees live in a hive. There are three types of bee in a hive. They are the queen bee, the drones and the workers. The queen is the head of the colony of bees. She does not command them, but she is essential to the life of the colony. She keeps its members together. She also the eggs that produce the future members of the colony.
The drones are the males of the colony. The name "drone" has come to mean a lazy person, because the drones of a colony of bees do not take part in the work of the hive, but the life of the colony not continue without them.
They are not numerous in comparison with the total population of a family of bees, and they live for only three months, but in that time they perform the essential function of fertilizing the eggs of the queen bee by mating wither.
Fertilized eggs produce worker bees. Unfertilized eggs produce drones, a very small number in the entire family.
The worker bees carry out all the work of the colony, wild bees build their homes in the hollows of trees.
Colonies of bees also live in hives that men provide for them. They fly out into forests, fields and gardens to gather nectar from flowers.
They take the nectar back to the hive. There it is made into honey and stored in cells as food for the winter. As they fly from flower to flower they carry with them pollen that clings to their bodies and legs. This pollen fertilizes the blossoms that will later become fruit.
The worker bees bring water to the hive. They ventilate the hive and protect it from their enemies. They feed their queen and look after her young ones. These are the responsibilities of the worker bees. There are about thirty to forty thousand worker bees in each colony.
All these bees, the queen, the drones and the workers, live together, all of them contributing in their own way to the, life of the colony.

THE GREENHOUSE EFFECT

Scientists say that something very serious is happening to the earth. It will be to get warmer in the 1990s. There will be major changes in climate during the next century, coastal waters effect on agriculture. In northern areas, the growing season will be ten days longer by the year 2000.
However, in warmer areas, it will be too dry. The amount of water could decrease by fifty percent. This would cause a large decrease in agricultural production.
Word temperatures could increase two degrees centigrade by the year 2040. However, the increase could be three cause the ice sheets to melt and raise the level of the oceans by one to two meters. Many coastal cities would be under water.
Why is this happening? There is too much carbon dioxide (CO2) in the air. When oil, gas, and coal burn, they create large amounts of carbon dioxide. We send five billion tons of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere every year. This amount will double in fifty years. This carbon dioxide lets sunlight enter the earth's atmosphere and heat the earth.
However, it does not let as much heat leave the atmosphere and enter space. It is like a blanket. The heat can pass from the sun through the blanket to warm the earth. The heat stays there and cannot escape through the blanket again Scientists call this the greenhouse effect. There scientists say we must start planning now. We need to do research so we can predict what will happen. We must conserve coal, oil and gas.
However, other scientists disagree. They say there is no reason to worry because we have twenty years to plan. The think that the greenhouse effect will not be very serious. The believe that there is no way for the world to slow this down or stop it. We must just prepare for a high- temperature world.
These scientists also say that the causes of the world that the causes of the world climate are very complicated. The greenhouse effect is only one cause. Other gases and dust in the air also important to the climate of the earth.
Meanwhile, all scientists agree that we must continue.
measuring the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, research so the world will be ready if the greenhouse effect really occurs.

NATURAL RESOUCES

In the decade of the 1970 s, the United Nations organized several important meeting on the human environment to study a very serious problem. We humans are destroying the world around us. We humans are destroying the world around us. We are using up all of our natural resources. We must learn to conserve them, or life will be very bad for our children and our grandchildren. There are several major parts to this problem.
Population. Most problems of the environment come from population growth. In 1700 there were 625 million people in the world. In 1900 there were 1.6 billion, in 1950 2.5 billion and in 1980 4.4 billion . In the year 2000 there were 6.3 billion More people need more water , more food , more wood , and more petroleum.
Distribution. Scientists say there is enough water in the world for everyone. But some countries have a lot of water and some have only a little. Some areas get all their rain during one season. The rest of the year is dry . There are huge forgets in the Amazon area of Brazil. In other parts of the world there is only desert.
Petroleum. We are using the world's petroleum. We use it in our cars and to heat our buildings in winter. Farmers use petrochemicals to make the soil rich. They use them to kill insects that eat plants. These chemicals go into rivers and lakes and kill the fish there. Thousands of people also die from these chemicals every year. Chemicals also go in to the air and pollute it . Winds carry this polluted air to other countries and other continents.
Poverty. Poor farmers use the same land over and over. The land needs a rest so it will be better next year. However the farmer must have food this year. Poor people cut down trees for firewood. In some areas when the trees are gone, the land becomes desert. However, people need wood to cook their food now. Poor people cannot save the environment for the future.
We now have the information and the ability to solve these huge problems. However, it is not a problem for one country or one area of the world. It is a problem for all humans.
The people and the nations of the world must work together to conserve the word's resources. No one controls the future. But we all help make it.

iearn

1- Are you like drawing?

2- What are the rolls and painting in your school subject?

3- What style do you fallow?

4- Who is the famous person about art in your country?

5- Are you seeing the painting of Picasso what’s your idea about Avinion girl?

6- What is in the painting of Picasso in your opinion?

iearn

1- How do you feel about it? Death is the beginning of the new world. Because when humans died their soul will go to another world.

2- Are you afraid of death? Every body who do something well won't scared and worry about death .and if they do something bad they will worry about death so it depends on their actions.

3- And if you are where it does come from? Thinking about life is good for here a clean life but I didn't think about it as far as it sears me.

4- So…we think it's because death is something uncertain. As if you fall into a big, deep hole and you don't know what will be there at the end. That's exactly the right question, it's sure that.

5- There will be some thing after life. But what? In Islam we are live that we will go to periled after die and we will stay to resurrection. Perilous is like a bridge that we use it for passing this world to another world.

6- Rebirth? We can say that we will be punished for that .then we will go to different places called .hell or heaven .

7- A kind of paradise? Maybe, there were so good that humans lived with each other with out any bad .action.

8- Our just nothing, like an endless sleep without any dream? Islam say to us: when people sleep, after a little time they getup after death they rebirth so that God gives them reward, or punishes them.


9- Yes, you get afraid of it, but it's important to think about death, because: what is life without it? Living without death is like an apple that we eat it but we didn't eat it actually and it can be result of a life.